False analogy

Informal fallacies → Generalization / composition / division

A false analogy is when you compare two things that aren't similar enough in the way that matters, so the comparison is misleading. Analogies can help explain, but if the relevant differences are ignored, the analogy supports a conclusion it shouldn't. You're treating two things as alike in a respect where they actually differ.

Examples

  • Workers are like nails—you have to hit them on the head to get them to work.

  • The state is like a family, so the leader should be like a strict parent.

  • Running a country is like running a business, so we need a CEO as president.

  • The brain is like a computer, so we'll eventually be able to upload our minds.

  • Marriage is like a contract, so either party can exit whenever they want.

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